Перегляд за Автор "Kovalenko, V. V."

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Improving the system of technical diagnostics and environmentally safe operation of soil hydraulic structures on small rivers
(ПП "ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЦЕНТР", 2022) Hapich, H. V.; Pikarenia, D. S. ; Orlinska, O. V.; Kovalenko, V. V.; Rudakov, L. M.; Chushkina, I. V.; Maksymova, N. M.; Makarova, T. K.; Katsevych, V. V.; Пікареня, Д. С.; Максимова, Н. М.
This paper reports the results of studying soil hydraulic structures (SHS) of the CC1 class of conse-quences on small rivers. The repre-sentativeness of the results for the domestic and world practice of fur-ther operation of such structures is ensured by the typical technical and technological approaches to the con-struction, materials, and conditions of their work. Dams are built of soil materials and operated over signif-icant time periods while their stan-dard service life has been exhausted, which increases the environmental and technical danger of their fur-ther operation. Visual surveys were conducted and the technical condi-tion was instrumentally diagnosed by the geophysical method of the earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF); observational data were mathematically treated. The possi-bility of arranging areas of increased water filtration through the SHS body was substantiated, as well as watering, loosening, and suffusion; potentially dangerous zones prone to landslides, cracks, and collapse were determined. The probability of risk of an accident on dams was esti-mated at their cascading arrange-ment as a result of filtration deforma-tions of the body and the base of the structure. Under current operating conditions, the possibility of letting the normative and excess (forced) water volumes through water dis-charge facilities due to precipitation or a breakthrough of the structure located upstream was estimated. The proposed approach makes it possible to manage the cascade of hydrau-lic structures at different stages of operation: planned, operational decision-making, forecasting. This allows diagnostic examinations to be performed in order to identify struc-tures that require priority in raising funds for repair and restoration work or demolition (dismantling).
Problems of technical exploitation and ecological safety of hydrotechnical facilities of irrigation systems
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, 2020) Rudakov, L. M.; Hapich, H. V.; Orlinska, O. V.; Pikarenia, D. S.; Kovalenko, V. V.; Chushkina, I. V.; Zaporozhchenko, V. Y.; Рудаков, Л. М.; Гапіч, Г. В.; Орлінська, О. В.; Пікареня, Д. С.; Коваленко, В. В.; Чушкіна, І. В.; Запорожченко, В. Ю.
In this work, we analyzed and studied the Ukrainian typical hydrotechnical structures of the ameliorative complex on soil materials. On the examples of such objects in Dnipropetrovsk oblast, we carried out research and determined the technical condition of the transporting (main irrigation canals) and regulating (retention ponds) hydrotechnical structures (HTS). The main factors and the reasons for the negative engineering-geological processes occurring in those structures and affecting the ecological balance of adjacent territories were determined. The study revealed that the long period of exploitation and absence of corresponding technical care have led to significant losses of irrigation water from the canals and retention ponds. Due to the systemic absence and low use of monitoring researchers, we have proposed the use of prompt and low-cost methods and means of technical diagnostics. The article presents the possibility of using a complex of geophysical methods of natural impulse magnetic field of the Earth and vertical electrical sounding for the purposes of technical diagnostics. The possibility of recording plots and parameters of zones of seepage deformations in the body and at the base of the structures was visually determined and instrumentally proven. This allows identifying the amounts of technical and material resources, stages and order of implementation of repair-restoration works. It was determined that share of the damaged zones accounts for 20 to 35% of the total length of the hydrotechnical structures depending on their type and parameters of the constructions. In such conditions, the estimated losses of water equal 17-22% of the total amount of the delivery. The surveys showed that further operation of HC poses an ecological threat because of significant worsening of quality of water resources. The article presents disturbing dynamics of change in the irrigated areas involving the danger of secondary salinization, sodification, alkalinization, and toxification as a result of watering. We indicated threatening changes in the structures of the areas irrigated with low-quality water, which, according to various indicators of danger, increased by 1.4 times regarding threat of secondary salinization and by 2 times regarding threat of sodification. We proposed and substantiated approaches to improving the general technical and technological level of functioning of ameliorative structures in the context of maintaining ecological balance and economic practicability of their further use, based on the principles of systemic optimization of complex technical-natural ecosystems.
Дослідження електрофізичних та агрогідрологічних властивостей ґрунтів
(Херсонський державний аграрно-економічний університет, 2021) Чушкіна, І. В.; Максимова, Н. М.; Орлінська, О. В.; Коваленко, В. В.; Chushkina, I. V.; Maksymova, N. M.; Orlinska, O. V.; Kovalenko, V. V.
Мета роботи - дослідження залежності між агрогідрологічними та електрофізичними властивостями ґрунтів та оцінювання можливості їх застосування в якості піґрунтя експрес-діагностики сільськогосподарських угідь.